Public Policy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6500 words

Public Policy - Coursework Example Dialectic relationship is defined as the interactive relationship between two entities in which one affects the other in a continuing iterative process. This process influences the strategic knowledge of both actors as well as the structured context, which in turn shapes the agent's future action. The implications are that policy network analysis may not be the foolproof method of policy analysis that it is made out to be. Nonetheless, it is attracting considerable interest in the policy-making arena because it expands the concerns of policy research previously confined to options directly or indirectly related to an issue. Analysis of policy with the use of the policy network concept involves theoretical approaches in a wide range of disciplines that includes political science, sociology, anthropology, international relations and management (Sutton, 1999). By putting political science theories at work, the process looks at policy networks as epistemic communities that can help develop an understanding of the role of various interest groups in the undertaking. The concept of an epistemic community is important, especially in knowledge-based theories, because it can influence four stages of the policy process - policy innovation, diffusion, selection and persistence (Hasenclever, et al., 1997). These epistemic communities are likely to take a strong stand on the policy decisions, and once politicians agree with this position, the latter are expected to invite experts into the circle of power, thus giving such communities an opportunity to have a substantial influence on the policy process (Ibid). From t he sociological viewpoint, policy networks are classified as either corporatist, state-directed, collaborative or pluralist, which essentially differ in their degree of integration. The networks with the greatest level of integration are the so-called "Iron Triangle" coalitions in the US, which are state-directed communities composed of congressional subcommittees, interest groups and government bureaus pursuing a mutually supportive relationship (Dowding, 1995). The level of integration of the other communities depends on the policy area. If the policy area concerns energy issues, the network assumes a corporatist character because it is made up of business groups, while it becomes collaborative if the issues relate to public health because the network will be composed of professional organizations. The network is pluralist in character if the policy under study involves national issues with social, political and economic ramifications. There are two different approaches to policy network analysis developed in UK, one by Rhodes (1997) and the other by Wilk & Wrights (in Dowding, 1995). The Rhodes approach specifically addresses the relations between the central British state and governance in the periphery (Dowding, 1995), thus it looks at the policy network as a cluster or complex of organizations connected to each other by resource dependencies and distinguished from other clusters or complexes by breaks in the structure of these resource dependencies. As for the Wilk & Wrights model, it seeks to explain the complex nature of policy-making in

Death of A Salesman :: essays research papers

Amidst Willy's late-night yelling, Charley, a neighbor and friend of the family, enters from outside, wondering what all the commotion is about. He starts a card game with Willy in order to settle him down. Out of friendship, he offers Willy a job after hearing about his problems as a salesman. Willy is quick to take offense at this offer, saying that he already has a good job. Later, when Willy brings up the subject of Biff, Charley advises Willy to give up on his son. â€Å"When a deposit bottle is broken you don't get your nickel back,† Charley asserts. Yet Willy is not willing to let go of his illusions about his sons' potential for success. Soon, Willy begins to confuse Charley with his brother, Ben. This leads to a flashback of sorts to a scene with Willy and Ben. It seems Ben and his father left to make their fortunes sometime in Willy's early childhood, leaving Willy and his mother behind. It's obvious that Willy idealizes Ben because he has â€Å"made it† in the world. Willy is remorseful that he didn't take his brother up on his offer to run his business in Alaska. That was an opportunity of a lifetime, Willy admits. Yet Ben has little time to spend with his little brother. Willy, excited that Ben is there to give advice to his sons, forces Biff and Happy to listen to their Uncle Ben, hoping that they will learn his business techniques and strike it rich themselves. In this way, Willy sees the potential success of his sons as the only remaining hope of being successful himself. It all seems quite simple to Ben. He tells Biff and Happy, â€Å"Why, boys, when I was seventeen I walked into the jungle, and when I was twenty-one I walked out. And by God I was rich.† This ideal, however, proves to be unattainable by Willy and his sons when Willy's desperate struggle for success and happiness is never achieved.

Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh

Nicole Brittingham March 11, 2013 ART 101-04 Analysis assignment * Starry Night by Vincent Van Gogh * This painting was made in 1889 during the postimpressionism era. * Starry Night is about 29†x36† and is made from using oil as a medium on a canvas. * This painting can be categorized as modern art. * Formal analysis * Within the composition of this painting, there is a peaceful village in the foreground and a dramatic night sky in our main viewpoint. There is a church steeple that dominates the village symbolizing unity in the town, and gives the impression of size and isolation.The left foreground has a curvy cypress tree which is usually associated with mourning. * There are many lines throughout this work of art. All of the swirling lines in the sky direct the viewer’s eyes around the painting. The fluid lines throughout the painting enhance the flow of Starry Night well. The curving lines create a sensation of depth in the painting. * The spacing between the s tars and the curving shapes create a dot-to-dot effect, ensuring fluidity. The contoured forms, shapes, and spirals in Starry Night were means of expression and used to convey emotion. The artist applied color in thick, broad, curved strokes to create texture. The texture of the bold brushstrokes, swirling circles, and swoops make the image seem to vibrate on the canvas. * The use of white and yellow colors creates a spiral effect and draws attention to the night sky. The dark blues and greens were complemented with touches of light pastel green showing the reflection of the moon. * The texture within this painting is visually meant to provide the viewer a sense of motion and vibrant light by exaggerating the twinkling of the stars out of realistic proportion.The curvy contoured forms in the sky give the illusion of the wind blowing as well as the curved vertical lines in the tree. * The colors within Starry Night are well balanced because they all flow together. The dominance of th e blue is balanced by the orange and yellow of the night sky elements. * When looking at this painting, the viewer would feel as if they were on top of a hill looking down on a village, making the night sky their direct view. This point of perspective is called linear perspective. * Van Gogh used a great deal of emphasis in the sky.By using bright and vivid colors and swirls around the stars, he exaggerated them making them stand out. * Starry Night has more unity than variety, because everything just flows in this painting and gives you a sense of balance and harmony. * Content Analysis * Starry Night is a painting of a dramatic night sky over a peaceful town. * During the later years of the 19th century, a group of postimpressionists came together to rebel against impressionism because they wanted art to have more focus on the traditional elements.Van Gogh’s painting was created in 1889, and fixated mostly on line and color with symbolism and emotion. * Starry Night was cre ated to be art. Van Gogh expressed himself through his paintings. He once explained in a letter to his brother Theo saying, â€Å"I paint as a means to make life bearable†¦ really we can only speak through our paintings†¦Ã¢â‚¬  * There are many interpretations of Starry Night, and one is that the canvas depicts hope. Van Gogh may have been showing that even with a dark night, it is still possible to see the light in the windows of the houses.Another insight may have been; with shining stars filling the sky, there is always light to guide you. The painting could have also shown the vast power of nature and mankind pointing to the heavens. * During this time period, many artists painted to express their emotions and symbolize what they thought or how they saw things. Postimpressionists thought that impressionist art was too vague, so they felt they need to focus their art on using more elements of art and color.

Annotated Bibliography On Data Recovery - 1756 Words

Data Disaster Recovery Trang Thu Nguyen CIS -125 Telecommunication Concepts Prof. Abdur Iqbal Spring 2015 ASA College, New York Table of Content Introduction Security Vulnerability Security Measures 1. Data Backup 2. Hard Drive 3. Peer-to-peer Backup 4. Cloud-based Backup 5. Back up multiple versions Recovery Startegies 1. Internal Recovery Strategies 2. Vendor- based Recovery Strategies Conclusion Bibliography Introduction Data recovery is one of security planning that enable the continuity and recovery of data and technology after a natural or human-induced disaster (..) Businesses nowadays face multiple attacks, thus, data recovery is essential in any business continuity plan. This paper will discuss the security threats that businesses are facing and the appropriate data recovery strategies that come with. The Importance of Data Disaster Recovery An IT disaster occurs when a business’s mission- critical system is not available. An IT disaster may be nature- or human- induced. Natural disaster including fire, hurricane, flood, earthquake, tornado etc. can damage the IT physical infrastructures. Fire is reportedly one of the most common catastrophic events that can interrupts a business operation (....) Human- induced disaster include terrorist attacks, deliberate criminal activities etc. An IT disaster can have serious consequences to a business if not being addressed timely and correctly. Apart from loss of existing data,Show MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography on Treatment Approaches for Chilren with Autism726 Words   |  3 Pages Annotated Bibliography Siegel, B. (2003). Helping children with autism learn Treatment approaches for parents and professionals (Sec, 2002). Autism and the Risk on Using Alternative Medicine without Medical Supervision In this book, â€Å"Helping children with autism learn: Treatment approaches for parents and professionals† Siegel gives parents of autistic children what they need most: hope. 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